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When a coach accuses male players of not playing well by saying that they "play like girls," his statement is most likely to motivate the players if they


A) have sisters who are athletes.
B) accept dominant gender ideology.
C) believe that neither men nor women are naturally superior to each other.
D) have lesbian friends who are athletes.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Gender ideology refers to


A) ideas and beliefs based on scientific research about gender.
B) idealized definitions of how boys and girls ought to be raised.
C) ideas and beliefs about masculinity and femininity.
D) the biological origins of manhood and womanhood.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Which of the following is a FALSE statement about ideologies?


A) Ideologies consist of ideas that people use to give meaning to the world.
B) Ideologies are stable and unchanging cultural perspectives.
C) Ideologies refer to the principles that underlie people's feelings and actions.
D) Ideologies emerge as people struggle over how to make sense of the world.

E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

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The great sport myth is based on the belief that


A) people are genetically wired to play sports.
B) sports are more socially important than religion.
C) people prefer sports over religion as a source personal meaning.
D) sport is essentially pure and good.

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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According to the author, one of the problems with a single definition of sport is that it might lead some sociologists to


A) ignore people who lack the resources to formally organize their games.
B) ask too many critical questions and destroy the enjoyment of sports.
C) focus too much attention on the games of people in low income groups.
D) ignore the political importance of sports in society.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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When sociologists study ideologies, they focus on


A) the social characteristics of extremist groups
B) webs of ideas and beliefs that people use to make sense of the world.
C) how people struggle to dominate each other in social groups.
D) beliefs and orientations that are grounded in human biology.

E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

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Sports are logical topics for sociologists to study because


A) sports are more important than families are for most people.
B) media coverage has distorted the meaning and purpose of sports.
C) sports are such a pervasive part of many people's lives today..
D) nearly everyone in the world plays sports on a regular basis.

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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When the sociology of sport is used to study sport participation among women, the primary focus would likely be on


A) the physical skills of women compared to men.
B) the need for women to take sports more seriously.
C) women's access to the time and resources needed to play sports.
D) the ability of women to grasp the complex rules that exist in many sports.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Which of the following is not one of the three key concepts used in sociology?


A) Social structure.
B) Social conflict.
C) Social interaction.
D) Culture.

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

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When girls and women first challenged dominant gender ideology by entering the male world of sports, they were


A) defined by most people as heroic.
B) seen as sexually attractive.
C) welcomed by men.
D) demonized as abnormal and immoral.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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One of the most hotly contested aspects of sports in society is


A) who plays sports under what conditions.
B) whether scientists should study sports.
C) the process for making up rules in specific games.
D) who can identify themselves athletes in relationships with others.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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Official definitions of sports in the United States emphasize


A) formally organized, competitive activities.
B) health-related activities that reduce obesity rates.
C) activities in which there are no winners or losers.
D) age-integrated activities that can be played anywhere.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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Physical activity participation rates are most likely to be high in a society when the definition of sport focuses on


A) challenging activities that produce an adrenaline rush for participants.
B) organized, competitive activities played at scheduled times and places.
C) those activities that will enable athletes to win Olympic medals.
D) a wide range of physical activities that are pleasurable for participants.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Ableist ideology is used to


A) promote the idea that variations in ability are normal and natural.
B) undermine the general perspective of ableism.
C) identify people as disabled.
D) create accessible physical environments.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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The definition of sports in any particular context usually represents the ideas and interests of


A) the average person in that context.
B) some people more than others.
C) young people.
D) physical educators.

E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

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When the author says that the human body is social, this means that


A) muscular bodies have always been defined in positive ways.
B) all bodies are basically the same from one culture to another.
C) bodies have an essential physical quality that never changes.
D) meanings given to the body and body parts change over time .

E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

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Which of the following is LEAST likely to be a concern among sociologists who study sports?


A) The social worlds created around sports.
B) Sports as social phenomena.
C) The motivation and personalities of athletes.
D) The cultural meaning and importance of sports.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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The author explains that the purpose of the text is to help the reader understand the "deeper game" associated with sports.This "deeper game" refers to


A) hidden strategies used by coaches and athletes as they play sports.
B) performance statistics for teams and players.
C) connections between sports and the larger social world.
D) underlying personality characteristics of people in sports.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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The author explains that we should study sports as parts of the social world because sports are


A) closely connected with important ideas and meanings in social life.
B) the only activities that keep people fit and healthy.
C) truly democratic activities unrelated to social class and social inequality.
D) too often ignored by mainstream media around the world.

E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

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Widespread acceptance of the great sport myth leads people to


A) play sports even when they don't find them enjoyable.
B) see little need to study sports from a critical perspective.
C) seek ways to change and improve sports.
D) define sports as wars without weapons.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

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