Question 1

The number of neutrons in the nucleus of an average atom of an element is best estimated by

Accepted Answer

A)   adding the number of electrons and protons together.
B)   subtracting the number of electrons from the number of protons.
C)   adding the mass number to the number of electrons.
D)   subtracting the number of protons from the mass number.
E)   adding the atomic number and atomic mass together.F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 2

What is the steam being given off when water boils?

Accepted Answer

A)   oxygen molecules
B)   hydrogen molecules
C)   water molecules
D)   hydroxide (OH-)  ions
E)   hydrogen (H+)  ionF) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 3

An ionic bond forms when

Accepted Answer

A)   an atom gives away or takes in an electron.
B)   an atom gives away or takes in a proton.
C)   a negatively charged ion is attracted to one with a positive charge.
D)   two atoms come close enough to share one or more electrons.
E)   two atoms come close enough to share one or more protons.F) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 4

Which of the following is a property of acids?

Accepted Answer

A)   release hydrogen ions when dissolved in a liquid
B)   feel slippery when touched
C)   taste bitter
D)   release hydroxide ions when dissolved in a liquid
E)   have a pH reading above 7.0F) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 5

Of the following examples which best demonstrates the property of water cohesion?

Accepted Answer

A)   Water can move up a 100 foot pine tree from the roots to the leaves.
B)   A rock skipping across the surface of a lake.
C)   Water requires a great deal of heat to reach the point of vaporizing.
D)   A soda can bursts when it is placed in the freezer.
E)   A large body of fresh water takes a long time to warm up after the winter season.F) All of the above
G) B) and E)

Question 6

The atomic structure of water satisfies the octet rule by

Accepted Answer

A)   having electrons shared between the two oxygen atoms.
B)   having electrons from hydrogen transferred to the oxygen atom.
C)   having electrons from oxygen transferred to the hydrogen atoms.
D)   having oxygen share electrons with two hydrogen atoms.
E)   having electrons shared between the two hydrogen atoms.F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 7

You are caring for the freshwater aquarium of a friend while they are on vacation.You are told to check the pH of the tank and make sure that it stays between 6.5 and 7.0.When you check the water the pH is 8.0.The water in the tank is

Accepted Answer

A)   1 to 1.5 times more basic than it should be.
B)   1 to 1.5 times more acidic than it should be.
C)   10 to 15 times more basic than it should be.
D)   10 to 15 times more acidic than it should be.
E)   100 to 150 times more basic than it should be.F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 8

Which of the following explains the events occurring when water boils?

Accepted Answer

A)   Hydrogen bonds are broken between neighbor water molecules.
B)   Covalent bonds are broken between oxygen and hydrogen atoms.
C)   Ionic bonds are broken when the minerals in water are heated.
D)   The bond between one water molecule and another is strengthened.
E)   The hydrogen atoms break away from the oxygen and escape as vapor.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 9

Which of the following describe how an acid disrupts the chemical bonds of molecules in a cell?

Accepted Answer

A)   the H+ ions can disrupt hydrogen bonds as the slightly negative portion of the molecule is more attracted to it than to the hydrogen that was part of the bond.
B)   the H+ ions can disrupt hydrogen bonds as the slightly positive portion of the molecule is more attracted to it than to the hydrogen that was part of the bond.
C)   the OH- ions can disrupt hydrogen bonds as the slightly positive portion of the molecule is more attracted to it than to the hydrogen that was part of the bond.
D)   the OH- ions can disrupt hydrogen bonds as the slightly negative portion of the molecule is more attracted to it than to the hydrogen that was part of the bond.
E)   The H+ ions disrupt the covalent bonds that hold the molecule together.F) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

Question 10

If average temperatures from South Dakota were compared to temperatures from Oregon it would show that Oregon has warmer winters and cooler summers than South Dakota does.What accounts for why this is when they are at similar latitudes?

Accepted Answer

A)   South Dakota has fewer trees.
B)   The Pacific ocean makes Oregon temperatures more moderate.
C)   Oregon receives more rainfall.
D)   South Dakota has fewer lakes and rivers.
E)   South Dakota has more prevailing winds from the west.F) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 11

After drinking a great deal of coffee (pH 5) ,a human's blood buffering system would need to ______________ as the coffee was digested to lower the level of acid present in the blood stream.

Accepted Answer

A)   release OH-
B)   take up H+
C)   release H+
D)   take up OH-
E)   release OH- and take up H+F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 12

All atoms of the same element have the same

Accepted Answer

A)   number of neutrons.
B)   atomic number.
C)   number of electrons.
D)   atomic mass.
E)   number of ions.F) A) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 13

A covalent bond involves the sharing of

Accepted Answer

A)   electrons.
B)   protons.
C)   pairs of protons.
D)   at least 3 electrons.
E)   pairs of electrons.F) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

Question 14

The electron arrangement for argon,which has 18 electrons,is

Accepted Answer

A)   2 in the inner energy shell, 8 in the second energy shell and 8 in the outer energy shell
B)   8 in the inner energy shell, 8 in the second energy shell and 2 in the outer energy shell
C)   6 in the inner energy shell, 6 in the second energy shell and 6 in the outer energy shell
D)   5 in the inner energy shell, 6 in the second energy shell and 7 in the outer energy shell
E)   7 in the inner energy shell, 6 in the second energy shell and 5 in the outer energy shellF) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 15

Which of the following would not be a valuable use for radioactive isotopes?

Accepted Answer

A)   carbon-14 dating
B)   destroying abnormal cells as a type of cancer treatment
C)   tracing the path of various chemicals in the body for imaging
D)   determining the age of biological specimens
E)   damaging DNA of healthy cells.F) B) and C)
G) C) and E)

Question 16

When hot chocolate mix is added to water the hot chocolate is the ______ and the water is the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   solvent; solute
B)   molecule; compound
C)   solute; solvent
D)   compound; molecule
E)   element; compoundF) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

Question 17

Radioactive isotopes are useful in biological studies because

Accepted Answer

A)   an organism will take in a molecule with the isotope and use it normally but the radioactive decay can be detected.
B)   an organism will take in a molecule with the isotope but will only use it in a few specific reactions not the normal ones.
C)   an organism will take in the molecule with the isotope and then remove the isotope and send it through the excretory system while replacing the isotope with a normal atom.
D)   they are easily visible and normal atoms are not.
E)   they are easy and inexpensive to use in studies.F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 18

Glucose,C6H12O6,is best described as a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   element.
B)   isotope.
C)   compound.
D)   ion.
E)   charged atom.F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 19

The reactivity of an atom depends on

Accepted Answer

A)   the number of protons.
B)   the number of neutrons.
C)   the number of electrons.
D)   the number of valence electrons.
E)   the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus.F) All of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 20

Which property of water would help to account for how an individual who is exercising and producing excessive heat can maintain a constant body temperature?

Accepted Answer

A)   Water has high heat capacity.
B)   Water is less dense as ice.
C)   Water is a good solvent.
D)   Water is cohesive.
E)   Water molecules form by covalent bonding.F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Exam 2: The Chemical Basis of Life

Which of the following would not be a valuable use for radioactive isotopes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Glucose,C6H12O6,is best described as a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following describe how an acid disrupts the chemical bonds of molecules in a cell?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After drinking a great deal of coffee (pH 5) ,a human's blood buffering system would need to ______________ as the coffee was digested to lower the level of acid present in the blood stream.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the steam being given off when water boils?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When hot chocolate mix is added to water the hot chocolate is the ______ and the water is the ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Radioactive isotopes are useful in biological studies because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All atoms of the same element have the same

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The atomic structure of water satisfies the octet rule by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following explains the events occurring when water boils?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If average temperatures from South Dakota were compared to temperatures from Oregon it would show that Oregon has warmer winters and cooler summers than South Dakota does.What accounts for why this is when they are at similar latitudes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which property of water would help to account for how an individual who is exercising and producing excessive heat can maintain a constant body temperature?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Of the following examples which best demonstrates the property of water cohesion?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An ionic bond forms when

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The electron arrangement for argon,which has 18 electrons,is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The number of neutrons in the nucleus of an average atom of an element is best estimated by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You are caring for the freshwater aquarium of a friend while they are on vacation.You are told to check the pH of the tank and make sure that it stays between 6.5 and 7.0.When you check the water the pH is 8.0.The water in the tank is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The reactivity of an atom depends on

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A covalent bond involves the sharing of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a property of acids?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Glucose,C₆H₁₂O₆,is best described as a(n)

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When hot chocolate mix is added to water the hot chocolate is the and the water is the __.

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