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When a short-selling hedge fund advertises in a prospectus that it is a 120/20 fund, this means that the fund may sell short up to ________ for every $100 in net assets and increase the long position to ________ of net assets.


A) $120; $20
B) $20; $120
C) $20; $20
D) $120; $120

E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

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The fastest-growing category of hedge funds is feeder funds. These funds invest in ________.


A) other hedge funds
B) convertible securities and preferred stock
C) equities and bonds
D) managed futures and options

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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You manage a $15 million hedge fund portfolio with beta = 1.2 and alpha = 2% per quarter. Assume the risk-free rate is 2% per quarter and the current value of the S&P 500 Index is 1,200. You want to exploit the positive alpha, but you are afraid that the stock market may fall and you want to hedge your portfolio by selling 3-month S&P 500 future contracts. The S&P contract multiplier is $250. Hedging this portfolio by selling S&P 500 futures contracts is an example of ________.


A) statistical arbitrage
B) pure play
C) a short equity hedge
D) fixed-income arbitrage

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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Assume the risk-free interest rate is 10% and is equal to the fund's benchmark, the portfolio's net asset value is $100, and the fund's standard deviation is 20%. Also assume a time horizon of 1 year. What is the exercise price on the incentive fee?


A) $100
B) $105
C) $110
D) $115

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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A(n) ________ hedge fund attempts to profit from situations such as mergers, acquisitions, restructuring, bankruptcy, or reorganization.


A) multistrategy
B) managed futures
C) dedicated short bias
D) event-driven

E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Correct Answer

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Assume the risk-free interest rate is 10% and is equal to the fund's benchmark, the portfolio's net asset value is $100, and the fund's standard deviation is 20%. Also assume a time horizon of 1 year. What is the Black-Scholes value of the call option on the management incentive fee?


A) $6.67
B) $8.18
C) $9.74
D) $10.22

E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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If the risk-free interest rate is rf and equals the fund's benchmark, the portfolio's net asset value is S0, and the hedge fund manager incentive fee is 20% of profit beyond that, the incentive fee is equivalent to receiving ________ call(s) with exercise price ________.


A) .2; S0
B) 1; S0(1 + rf)
C) 1.2; S0
D) .2; S0(1 + rf)

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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A typical hedge fund incentive bonus is usually equal to ________ of investment profits beyond a predetermined benchmark index.


A) 5%
B) 10%
C) 20%
D) 25%

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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You believe that the spread between the September S&P 500 future and the S&P 500 Index is too large and will soon correct. This is an example of ________.


A) pairs trading
B) convergence play
C) statistical arbitrage
D) a long-short equity hedge

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Correct Answer

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You believe that the spread between the September S&P 500 future and the S&P 500 Index is too large and will soon correct. To take advantage of this mispricing, a hedge fund should ________.


A) buy all the stocks in the S&P 500 and write put options on the S&P 500 Index
B) sell all the stocks in the S&P 500 and buy call options on the S&P 500 Index
C) sell S&P 500 Index futures and buy all the stocks in the S&P 500
D) sell short all the stocks in the S&P 500 and buy S&P 500 Index futures

E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

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As of 2017, hedge funds had approximately ________ under management.


A) $.5 trillion
B) $6.6 trillion
C) $4 trillion
D) $3.2 trillion

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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Hedge funds are typically set up as ________.


A) limited liability partnerships
B) corporations
C) REITs
D) mutual funds

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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A 1-year oil futures contract is selling for $74.50. Spot oil prices are $68, and the 1-year risk-free rate is 3.25%. The 1-year oil futures price should be equal to ________.


A) $68
B) $70.21
C) $71.25
D) $74.88

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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Consider a hedge fund with $200 million at the start of the year. The benchmark S&P 500 Index was up 16.5% during the same period. The gross return on assets is 21%, and the expense ratio is 2%. For each 1% above the benchmark return, the fund managers receive a .1% incentive bonus. What was the annual return on this fund?


A) 16.5%
B) 18.04%
C) 18.55%
D) 21%

E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Correct Answer

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You pay $216,000 to the Capital Hedge Fund, which has a price of $18 per share at the beginning of the year. The fund deducted a front-end commission of 4%. The securities in the fund increased in value by 15% during the year. The fund's expense ratio is 2% and is deducted from year-end asset values. What is your rate of return on the fund if you sell your shares at the end of the year?


A) 5.35%
B) 7.23%
C) 8.19%
D) 10%

E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Correct Answer

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You manage a $15 million hedge fund portfolio with beta = 1.2 and alpha = 2% per quarter. Assume the risk-free rate is 2% per quarter and the current value of the S&P 500 Index is 1,200. You want to exploit the positive alpha, but you are afraid that the stock market may fall and you want to hedge your portfolio by selling 3-month S&P 500 future contracts. The S&P contract multiplier is $250. How many S&P 500 contracts do you need to sell to hedge your portfolio?


A) 25
B) 35
C) 50
D) 60

E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Correct Answer

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According to a model that was estimated using monthly excess returns over a 5 year period, ending in October of 2014, average returns of equity hedge funds are ________ the S&P 500 Index.


A) equal to
B) considerably higher than
C) slightly lower than
D) slightly higher than

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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A high water mark is a limiting factor of hedge fund manager compensation. This means that managers can't charge incentive fees ________.


A) when a fund stays flat
B) when a fund falls and does not recover to its previous high value
C) when a fund falls by 10% or more
D) none of these options. (Managers can always charge incentive fees.)

E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Correct Answer

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Which of the following are characteristics of a hedge fund? I. Pooling of assets II. Strict regulatory oversight by the SEC III. Investing in equities, debt instruments, and derivative instruments IV. Professional management of assets


A) I and II only
B) II and III only
C) III and IV only
D) I, III, and IV only

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Correct Answer

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To attract new clients, hedge funds often include past returns of funds only if they were successful. This is called ________.


A) long-short bias
B) survivorship bias
C) backfill bias
D) incentive bias

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Correct Answer

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